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2. Oscillation conditions for difference equations with several variable arguments
- Creator:
- Chatzarakis, George E., Kusano, Takaŝi, and Stavroulakis, Ioannis P.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- difference equation, retarded argument, advanced argument, oscillatory solution, and nonoscillatory solution
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Consider the difference equation ∆x(n) +∑m i=1 pi(n)x(τi(n)) = 0, n ≥ 0 [ ∇x(n) − ∑m i=1 pi(n)x(σi(n)) = 0, n ≥ 1 ] , where (pi(n)), 1 6 i 6 m are sequences of nonnegative real numbers, τi(n) [σi(n)], 1 6 i 6 m are general retarded (advanced) arguments and ∆ [∇] denotes the forward (backward) difference operator ∆x(n) = x(n + 1) − x(n) [∇x(n) = x(n) − x(n − 1)]. New oscillation criteria are established when the well-known oscillation conditions lim sup n→∞ ∑m i=1 ∑n j=τ(n) pi(j) > 1 [ lim sup n→∞ ∑m i=1 σ∑ (n) j=n pi(j) > 1 ] and lim inf n→∞ ∑m i=1 n∑−1 j=τi(n) pi(j) > 1⁄e [ lim inf n→∞ ∑m i=1 σ∑i(n) j=n+1 pi(j) > 1⁄e ] are not satisfied. Here τ (n) = max 1≤i≤m τi(n) [σ(n) = min 1≤i≤m σi(n)]. The results obtained essentially improve known results in the literature. Examples illustrating the results are also given.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public